Factores de riesgo asociados a ruptura prematura de membranas

Abstract

Introduction: Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM) is the loss of the integrity of the ovarian membranes, i.e. the amnion and chorion, which occurs before the onset of labor, thus causing a loss of amniotic fluid. Worldwide, PROM has an incidence of approximately 5 to 8% of gestations and occurs in about 10% of births, one third of which are preterm. In Ecuador, the prevalence of PROM is 15.7% and more than 90% of pregnant women progress spontaneously to labor within 24 hours. Objective: To analyze the main factors associated with PROM, through a review of bibliographic references, in order to update this topic and thus contribute to the adequate and timely management of this obstetric event. Methodology: This is a literature review study, carried out by searching scientific information in databases such as PubMed, Web of Sciencie and Google Scholar. Conclusion: According to the literature, there are multiple factors associated with the development of PROM, the three most reported factors being: history of PROM, lower genital tract infections and multiple pregnancy. It is also important to emphasize the small amount of current research on this topic in the country, so it is recommended to develop research in Ecuador and thus have the real and current vision of this problem so feared for national and global obstetrics.