Hemorragia postparto como factor predisponente al desarrollo del síndrome de sheehan

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Sheehan syndrome (SS) or postpartum pituitary necrosis is a complication of postpartum bleeding (HPP); it was described by Sheehan in 1937; This Syndrome often results in a permanent deficiency of multiple pituitary hormones, becoming one of the most important causes of hypopituitarism. OBJECTIVE: Establish postpartum hemorrhage as a predisposing factor to the development of SS through bibliographic research, for better diagnosis and prevention of this pathology. METHOD: The review of scientific literature was carried out, in databases such as: EBSCO, SCIELO, PUBMED, from August 2014 to the present. DEVELOPMENT: The reported incidence of postpartum pituitary necrosis in patients who suffered HPP ranges from 0 to 30%; Empty Turkish Chair Syndrome occurs more common in the female sex with a ratio of 16:1; one of the predisposing factors is severe intra or postpartum blood loss requiring blood transfusion. CONCLUSION: HPP is the predominant factor in women for the development of SS, due to pathophysiological changes of the pituitary gland at the gestation stage, leaving the gland vulnerable to ischemia in case of severe bleeding; complications from these hemorrhages, such as postpartum pituitary necrosis have decreased today due to obstetric care and active delivery. RECOMMENDATION: Annual checks should be carried out on women with HPP to rule out the further development of SS.