Cuidado Humanizado en el Parto Distócico: A propósito de Un Caso.

Abstract

Dystocic labor is an alteration in the normal progression of labor, frequently associated with anatomical, functional, or fetal factors, and represents a significant risk to maternal and perinatal health. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors and complications in an elderly patient diagnosed with dystocic labor, through the implementation of an individualized and humanized care plan. This was a qualitative, descriptive-analytical study based on a review of medical records, direct observation, and the application of ethical and bioethical criteria. The patient, a 39-year-old primigravida at 41.1 weeks' gestation, was admitted with a diagnosis of obstructed labor due to pelvic stricture and triple loop of the cord. An emergency cesarean section was performed, resulting in a live birth with an Apgar score of 8/9 and no immediate neonatal complications. During the postoperative period, mild anemia was identified, which was treated with parenteral iron. Nursing care included continuous monitoring of vital signs, infection prevention, breastfeeding education, and emotional support. The theoretical basis for the care was Betty Neuman's Systems Model, which allowed for the identification of physiological and emotional stressors, promoting timely and effective interventions. This theory facilitated a holistic approach that contributed to preserving the stability of the patient's system in the face of the stress of the obstetric event. The findings highlight the importance of providing humane, person-centered care, emphasizing patient safety, effective communication, and professional support as essential elements for optimizing maternal and neonatal health outcomes.