Factores de riesgo de colelitiasis en pacientes adultos

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Cholelithiasis is one of the most common diseases treated in the Departments of General Surgery, worldwide it is diagnosed in 10% - 30% of inhabitants, every year there are a million new cases. In Ecuador, cholelithiasis is the main cause of morbidity in the general population, according to data from INEC, in 2014 it represented 17% of diseases, with an incidence of 22.5 per hundred thousand inhabitants. OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors of cholelithiasis in adult patients. METHODOLOGY: The search for scientific information was carried out in databases such as PUB-MED, SCIELO, with the following keywords: Cholelithiasis, Risk Factors, Management, Diagnosis. Scientific articles published from January 01, 2014 to December 31, 2018 were used. CONCLUSION: Cholelithiasis is among the first five causes of surgical intervention, which can be complicated by biliary colic, cholecystitis, cholangitis or systemic bacteremia. Among the risk factors to suffer from cholelithiasis we have the female gender in the first place, be in the age group over 30 years, the multiparity and family history of gallstones. In addition to this we also have obesity, pregnancy and puerperium and immunosuppressive treatment in heart transplants.