Impacto ambiental de los colorantes usados en el laboratorio clínico

Abstract

In a clinical laboratory, dyes are used to stain parasites, bacteria and cellular structures, as they are substances that promote color thanks to their chemical structure, which is made up of the chromophore group and auxochrome; however, once used, they are discharged down the drains without taking into account the environmental impact they can cause, for this reason, the objective of this research, is to identify the techniques for measuring the concentration of dyes used in the clinical laboratory discharged down the drains through literature review, to know the environmental impact of dyes; obtaining as results that UV-VIS spectrophotometry, followed by HPLC and HPLC-MS are the techniques most required by researchers and, that the dyes most studied in this field, are the derivatives of triphenylmethane (malachite green and crystal violet) and methylene blue. Thus concluding, that UV-VIS spectrophotometry is the most accessible, accurate and fast than among the others; likewise, that the violet crystal, methylene blue and malachite green once poured down the drain affect the aquatic ecosystem, in plants their photosynthetic processes and in aquatic animals biological alterations, mutations, respiratory toxicity and cancer.