Enmiendas edáficas: efectos en la biota del suelo y comportamiento agronómico del cultivo de banano

Abstract

The physicochemical characteristics of the soil have been affected by the excessive application of agrochemicals, which have reduced the beneficial microbial population causing problems such as: loss of fertility, compaction, acid pH, increase in phytopathogens, reducing crop productivity. The objective was to evaluate the effects of the application of three edaphic amendments on the microbiota, % of M.O., C.E., pH of the soil and its effects on the agronomic behavior of the banana crop. The treatments were: T1 (10 g Biochar + 40 g of NPK physical mixture + 500 mL of ME), T2 (100 g Compost + 40 g of NPK + 500 mL of ME), T3 (100 g Zeolite + 40 g of NPK + 500 mL of ME) and T4 (Control farm 40 g NPK + 40 g of TerraSoil). The results show that T1 forms an ideal habitat for the development of beneficial microorganisms such as Trichoderma spp., Bacillus spp., Beauveria bassiana compared to T4 where only phytopathogenic microorganisms such as Fusarium spp, Cladosporium spp., Penicillium spp. and Rhizopus spp. The application of biochar improves the agronomic behavior, accelerates the cutting time, increases the height of the return, the weight of the bunch and improves the conversion. The results of T2 and T3 are similar to each other in terms of agronomic parameters and health.