Estudio de los efectos colaterales que se pueden presentar al realizar una ovariohisterectomia en gatas menores a cinco meses.

Abstract

Ovariohysterectomy is a surgical sterilization method that is performed in both canines and felines in order to control the overpopulation of domestic animals, transmission of viral diseases and control or prevention of reproductive diseases such as pyometra, ovarian cysts, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, mammary tumors, etc. There are different surgical sterilization methods such as ovariohysterectomy; ovariectomy; laparoscopic ovariohysterectomy; uterine horn ligation and by non-surgical or hormonal methods. The patient must be previously evaluated, complementary tests must be performed, an adequate anesthetic protocol, a permeable route and a correct surgical approach must be used. An approach can be performed in the medial area of the abdomen below the umbilicus at the level of the linea alba, extracting ovaries, uterine tubes and uterine body, but in young female cats it is recommended to perform the approach through the right lateral flank. The advantage of performing ovariohysterectomy in female cats under five years of age is to prevent reproductive problems such as persistent estrus, the presence of mammary tumors, ovarian cyst formations, among others, as well as to prevent the presence of viral diseases that can be transmitted during the vagrancy that occurs in entire females after presenting the first estrus and as disadvantages due to the absence of sex hormones, bone disorders, obesity problems, mastocytomas and urinary incontinence can occur. The recommended age to perform an ovariohysterectomy is from six to eight months, the age at which the bitch presents her first estrus, thus avoiding possible repercussions in her organism.