Terapia cognitivo conductual centrada en el trauma en jóvenes víctimas de abuso sexual: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Sexual abuse in youth represents a serious social and mental health issue that causes long-lasting psychological consequences in children and adolescents, such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, and behavioral dysfunction. In response to this reality, Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (TF-CBT) has emerged as one of the most empirically supported interventions to treat these effects. This article aims to analyze the effectiveness of TF-CBT in the therapeutic approach to minors who are victims of sexual abuse through a systematic review of studies published between 2019 and 2025. The PRISMA criteria were applied, and databases such as Scopus, SciELO, Redalyc, and Google Scholar were consulted. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 50relevant articles were selected. The results show that TF-CBT has significantly reduced PTSD symptoms, as well as other trauma-related indicators, such as social withdrawal, guilt, and dysfunctional thoughts. Moreover, the importanceof early intervention, family involvement, and cultural adaptation of therapeutic techniques is highlighted. The discussion emphasizes the potential of TF-CBT in both clinical and community contexts, as well as the need to expand its implementation in public health and education systems. It is concluded that TF-CBT is an effective and adaptable tool that significantly contributes to the psychological recovery of minors affected by sexual abuse