Estudio de un caso clínico de deshidratación por rotavirus en una paciente lactante.

Abstract

Rotavirus A-associated gastroenteritis manifests with increased intestinal activity, increased bowel movements, dehydration, other symptoms: vomiting, fever. It is the main problem in developing countries, because it is the main cause of morbidity and mortality in infants under 5 years of age. Objective: To analyze the biochemical alterations that occur due to type A rotavirus in an infant through the collection of information in scientific bibliographic sources to know the key biochemical parameters that lead the patient to the diarrhea and dehydration symptoms. Discussion: Dehydration is the loss of water and electrolytes, which is kept in balance by the electrogenic pump of sodium and potassium, guaranteeing osmolality. The deficit of water in the extracellular space and the increase in sodium lead to hypovolemic shock, producing biochemical alterations. Conclusion: The biochemical alterations suffered by the infant due to the gastrointestinal infection produced by rotavirus A were hypernatremia, metabolic acidosis, elevated urea nitrogen, altering the functioning of the cardiovascular, renal and nervous systems.