Caracterización clínica del síndrome de takotsubo

Abstract

Introduction: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS), also known as stress cardiomyopathy, constitutes the only reversible cardiac condition, characterized by a transient alteration of left ventricular contractile morphology. TTS occurs most frequently in postmenopausal women, preceded by a triggering event, which may be physical or emotional, which is why the pathophysiology has not yet been determined. TTS clinically simulates an Acute Coronary Syndrome; however, the electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, angiographic, etc. peculiarities allow for an adequate therapeutic approach. Objective: To analyze the clinical characteristics of TTS in the form of presentation of Broken Heart Syndrome and Happy Heart Syndrome. Methodology: A descriptive, documentary study was carried out based on the review of articles from indexed journals within the last 5 years of publication, using PUBMED, SCIELO and Google Scholar databases to differentiate the forms of presentation of Takotsubo Syndrome. Conclusion: The incidence of TTS has been increasing in recent years, due to the stressful (emotional) events to which society is exposed, which have led to TTS being referred to as Broken Heart Syndrome or Happy Heart Syndrome; however, as is evident, clinically they have the same characteristics, with specific peculiarities, such as the form of presentation, age of onset, gender predisposition, complications, and prognosis, which make them receive one or the other classification.