Estrategias para la prevención y detección del cáncer de cuello uterino en países de bajos recursos económicos

Abstract

Cervical cancer is an influential disease in low-income countries due to its incidence and mortality. It is the fourth most common type of cancer in women worldwide, caused mainly by the human papillomavirus (HPV) serotypes 16. and 18. The most used prevention and detection methods are: vaccination against HPV, screening with pap smear, testing for genetic material of the human papillomavirus, inspection with acetic acid in order to prevent this type of cancer in the female population. Objective: Provide a general analysis of the different strategies that have been developed and applied in low-income countries to prevent and promptly detect cervical cancer. Methodology: Descriptive study, based on the systematic review of scientific articles published on high-impact platforms with updated information from the last 5 years, such as: PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, Elsevier. Conclusion: The strategies have not achieved the expected reduction in incidence and mortality of cervical cancer in developing countries, as well as our country, due to multiple factors that hinder adherence.