Efectividad de las pausas activas en la reducción del estrés laboral en el personal de salud.

Abstract

Occupational stress in nursing staff is a response to constant exposure to physically and emotionally demanding situations, aggravated by biological, chemical, and ergonomic stresses, as well as the intense pace of work. This situation contributes to the development of illnesses and psychological disorders. According to the International Labor Organization, studies indicate high rates of depression and anxiety in healthcare professionals, such as in China (50% and 45%, respectively) and Canada (47% received psychological support). In Ecuador, a study by SEK University revealed that 30% of occupational illnesses are stress related. In this context, it is important to implement active breaks, which consist of brief exercises and stretches. These can reduce feelings of mental exhaustion, increasing worker productivity and performance by releasing endorphins that reduce fatigue. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of active breaks in reducing occupational stress among healthcare personnel working in health units in District 07D02 of the city of Machala. Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative and relational research project, focusing on analyzing the results based on the measurement of the study variables and the relationship between active breaks and workrelated stress among healthcare personnel in District 07D02, Machala. A sample of 165 professionals was used, including physicians, nurses, technicians, and administrative staff. Personnel from other districts, those who did not work in these units, or those who did not agree to participate, were excluded. Data collection was conducted through a survey that included sociodemographic variables, stress levels (physical, psychological, and social dimensions), and active breaks (physical, mental, and duration). Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics, presenting the results in tables with numerical values and percentages. Results: Of the 165 healthcare professionals in District 07D02, 75.2% were women and 37.6% were nurses; 72.1% workday shifts, and 37.6% have more than 10 years of experience. Regarding stress levels, the results for the physical, psychological, and social dimensions indicate that 45.1% report work overload and 61.2% report physical discomfort. Regarding active breaks, a highly positive perception was identified: 66.4% take active breaks, and more than 83% recognize their benefits in reducing stress and improving mood, relationships, and job performance.