Principales manifestaciones clínicas del síndrome nefrótico y su manejo terapéutico

Abstract

The nephrotic syndrome is characterized by proteinuria> 3.5 grams, edema, hypoalbuminemia and dyslipidemia. Its incidence is 2-7 per 100,000 children worldwide. Produced by a defect in the podocytes and the glomerular filtration barrier, among other factors. The main complications are thromboembolism, infections and acute kidney injury. OBJECTIVE: To describe the pathophysiology of the main clinical manifestations in the nephrotic syndrome, and their therapeutic management MÉTHODS: Through a search through the databases such as the VIRTUAL HEALTH LIBRARY, MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, HINARY and PUBMED CENTRAL, a review of titles of interest was subsequently made, and finally selection of studies, using the criteria of inclusion and exclusion, with a period of 11 years (2008-2019) DEVELOPMENT: Diet is important in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome, including low sodium, and even gluten-free, dairy-free, and consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and in countries such as China the consumption of Monascus purpureus serum. In the pharmacology of proteinuria, steroids, immunosuppressants, hormone therapy and even ACE inhibitors, in edema, the use of diuretics, and in dyslipidemia, the use of statins, among other hypolipidemic drugs under study, currently the apheresis of LDL and inhibitors. of PCSK9 CONCLUSION: The main manifestations of the nephrotic syndrome are proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia and dyslipidemia, knowing their treatment is important to improve the quality of life of the patient and prevent recurrence.