Causas y efectos de condiciones anóxicas en estanques de cultivo de <i>litopenaeus vannamei</i>

Abstract

The production of Pacific white shrimp will depend directly on the water and sediment quality that is available in the production unit, and on how all the physical-chemical variables of the water are managed throughout the entire production cycle, since the deterioration of the water and sediment quality will bring negative consequences for shrimp production. Among all of the variables that arise in the pond, dissolved oxygen (DO) is the most critical factor, since several processes for the mineralization of organic matter (OM) that take place in the pond depend on this element, and it is also essential for the respiration of the organisms in production. When the concentration of this gas in the water is zero, anoxic conditions occur, which will result in the formation of reduced substances that are usually toxic to shrimp even at low concentrations. The most common effects due to the low concentration of DO that are manifested by the shrimp are a lower feeding and growth rate, as well as a weak resistance to pathogens. Moreover, when exposure to anoxic conditions is very prolonged, high shrimp mortalities will occur, that can completely diminish the production in a short period of time.