Factores que inciden en el riesgo de infección en catéter dialítico y proceso de atención de enfermería

Abstract

Chronic renal failure (CKD) is defined as the structural or functional abnormality of the kidney, which is evidenced by markers of renal damage in urine, blood or images and / or a theoretical glomerular filtration rate (FGT) below 90ml / min. a period equal to or greater than 3 months. The Latin American Society of Nephrology and Hypertension-SLANH-OPS / 2013, is an indication of the prevalence of kidney disease in Latin America. The short-duration, non-tunnelled, multilumen or simple catheter inserted percutaneously into the subclavian or internal jugular vein has a rate of bloodstream infections of 2-3 per 1000 days of the device. The role of nursing in the detection and prevention of infections in catheters for the treatment of hemodialysis is very important, as this can give timely attention. The patient's self-care also plays an important role in preventing catheter infections, because they monitor the handling of the catheter at home and manipulate it at the time of hygiene. That is why this research proposes to analyze from the systemic perspective, clinical manifestations, factors that influence the risk of infection, carrying out a nursing care plan in patients with dialysis catheter for the management of hemodialysis in chronic renal failure. It is important to obtain information about this pathology and how to prevent it in order to reduce the impact that this disease may have in the future, for which purpose research should be conducted with a methodological order of the natural history of the disease.