Ventajas obstétricas y perineales del parto vertical versus parto supino

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Since ancient times, for the birth of their children, women adopted vertical positions that were prevailing for a long time. Upright positions benefit women in labor by allowing spontaneous pushing with more efficient contractions. OBJECTIVE: To determine the obstetric and perineal advantages of vertical delivery versus supine delivery. METHODOLOGY: A scientific literature review was carried out on the advantage of vertical delivery over horizontal delivery, in databases such as: EBSCO, SCIELO, PUBMED, from August 2015 to the present. DEVELOPMENT: In the systematic review and meta-analysis carried out by Zang et al, it was concluded that the upright position can reduce the incidence of surgical delivery, instrumental vaginal delivery, cesarean section, episiotomy, severe perineal trauma, severe pain and shortens the duration of the active pushing in the second stage of labor. CONCLUSION: The obstetric advantages of delivery in the vertical position, compared to the lithotomy position, are: Reduction in the duration of the second stage of labor, less pain, better progress in the second stage of labor and reduction of the operative delivery and assisted delivery; and, the perineal advantages, are: Decrease in perineal tears, less use of episiotomies, higher rates of intact perineum. RECOMMENDATION: Begin to instruct pregnant women about the different vertical positions that you can use at the time of the birth of your child, giving priority to the position you choose to have your baby