Análisis operacional de la vía limón en Machala: capacidad vial, nivel de servicio y propuestas de mejora

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the road capacity and level of service on Vía Limón, located in the city of Machala, El Oro Province, with a focus on improving urban mobility in strategic roadway corridors. This arterial road experiences a high traffic flow and serves as a key connection between residential, commercial, and industrial zones. However, it faces limitations related to deteriorating infrastructure, lack of efficient signage, and absence of traffic signal control, all of which negatively affect traffic fluidity and citizens’ quality of life. The study employed a methodology based on the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) guidelines, which included field data collection, estimation of hourly equivalent volumes (VHE), calculation of the volume-to-capacity ratio (v/c), and classification of the level of service (LOS) at critical intersections. Additionally, waiting times caused by the current roadway configuration were analyzed, and technical improvement alternatives were proposed. The results revealed that the roadway currently operates under poor service conditions, especially during peak hours, with LOS levels of E and F in certain intersections. Based on this diagnosis, proposals were formulated involving traffic signal optimization and lane expansion. These strategies showed potential to improve performance to LOS levels C and even B, effectively reducing congestion and enhancing vehicular flow. This study contributes to the design of sustainable and replicable solutions for medium-sized cities in similar contexts, combining technical and operational criteria to promote safer, more efficient, and people-oriented road management.