Efecto anti-fúngico de compuestos bioactivos sobre Moniliophthora Roreri, agente causal de moniliasis en mazorcas de cacao

Abstract

The study evaluated bioactive compounds to control Moniliasis in cocoa crops caused by the fungus Moniliophthora roreri. It was carried out in the plant health laboratory of the Technical University of Machala. The experiment used a non-parametric DCA with thirteen treatments replicated five times, totaling sixty-five experimental units. In the first phase, PDA culture medium was prepared for fungal inoculation. The initial phase of the experiment included the obtaining and processing of the plant material (Garlic, Ají gallinazo, Orégano, Ají rocoto) to prepare the hydroalcoholic extracts (EHA). The second phase involved inoculation and in vitro identification of the fungus and the evaluation of its activity against EHA. The final phase included a disease severity test. The data obtained were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test due to the null normality and homogeneity of the variance in the data. In the first variable, the Treatments (T1,T2, T3, T4, T5, T6) there was no mycelial growth, therefore, they are the ones with the best results. For the second variable, the percentage of external damage to the cob was evaluated taking into account It counts the best results obtained in the first variable, giving satisfactory results in treatment T1. In conclusion, the EHA of garlic and oregano exhibited null results in the mycelial growth of the phytopathogenic fungus from the minimum concentration, compared to other treatments. These observations indicate promising potential as natural antifungal agents