Factores que contribuyen a la ansiedad y depresión en adolescentes y su impacto en la vida cotidiana.

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the factors contributing to the development of anxiety and depression in adolescents and their impact on daily life, using validated instruments and a quantitative approach. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 135 adolescents aged 11 to 13, selected through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. The CMAS-R2 Children’s Anxiety Scale and the Revised Self-Rating Depression Scale (EAED-R) were applied, both showing high reliability. Statistical analysis included frequencies, linear regression, Student's t-test, and Pearson correlation. Results: A total of 79.3% of participants exhibited high levels of anxiety and 71.9% showed some level of depressive symptoms, with mild depression being the most prevalent (63.7%). No significant correlation was found between anxiety and depression (r = 0.109; p = 0.207), suggesting that although often coexisting, they may be driven by distinct factors. Conclusion: Findings reveal a high emotional burden during early adolescence, negatively impacting academic performance, social interactions, and psychological well-being. Early detection programs and emotional support within the school setting are urgently needed, with active involvement of nursing professionals. This study provides relevant evidence to inform intervention strategies and adolescent mental health policies