Avances recientes en el tratamiento de la infertilidad

Abstract

Introduction: Infertility is difficulty conceiving after 12 months of sexual intercourse without contraception, affecting both sexes. The main causes are ovulatory dysfunction and tubal disease, although 15% have no apparent cause. Factors such as smoking and obesity have a negative influence. The first successful in vitro fertilisation was in 1978. The WHO indicates that it affects 17.5% of adults globally. In Ecuador, it affects 17.2% of couples of fertile age, with causes divided between male and female. Although assisted reproduction has advanced, access remains limited and unequal.Objective: To describe recent advances in the treatment of infertility by reviewing scientific articles to gain greater knowledge of the procedures available in the quality of life of affected patients Methodology: The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study in which academic databases such as PudMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, Research, Rabbit were used. The selection criteria used were publications from the last five years in English and Spanish; research containing insufficient or inadequate data was excluded. Conclusion: Advances in infertility treatments, such as in vitro fertilisation and intracytoplasmic sperm injection, offer new hope and allow for individualised treatments. However, access remains limited by economic and social barriers. It is essential to continue research and develop public policies to promote equitable access, ensuring that all people can start a family, regardless of their economic or geographical situation.