Factores predisponentes asociados a vulvovaginitis candidiásica en mujeres adultas.

Abstract

The research focused on describing the predisposing factors associated with candidal vulvovaginitis in adult women. Through a literature search, trials, studies, and scientific evidence related to the predisposing factors associated with candidal vulvovaginitis were selected, emphasizing the timely identification of this condition, as well as its effective prevention and treatment. Methodologies, results, and conclusions of relevant research were analyzed to gather information on this multifactorial infection, with several risk factors that must be comprehensively addressed. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics stands out as the most prevalent factor, altering the vaginal microbiota and allowing the proliferation of the Candida fungus. It is important to promote the prudent use of these medications and consider the use of probiotics to return the vaginal flora to its natural, healthy state. Other important factors include hormonal imbalances, diabetes mellitus (especially poorly controlled type 1 diabetes with elevated HbA1c levels), immunosuppression, and inadequate hygiene practices. Furthermore, the use of intrauterine devices or certain sexual behaviors such as oral sex can also increase the risk of this infection. Effective management of candidal vulvovaginitis requires a comprehensive approach that combines treatment with antifungals, following clinical guidelines, and the implementation of preventive measures. These measures include adequate diabetes control, improving lifestyle habits by maintaining a balanced diet and reducing stress, promoting appropriate hygiene practices, and, in cases of frequent recurrences, long-term maintenance therapy. In summary, a multidisciplinary approach that addresses predisposing factors and promotes prevention is essential for the effective management of candidal vulvovaginitis in adult women.