Cuidado integral a recién nacido con hiperbilirrubinemia neonatal: análisis de caso clínico

Abstract

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is a common condition that, without timelytreatment, can cause serious complications such as kernicterus. The aimof thisstudy was to design a nursing care plan based on the NANDA-NIC-NOCtaxonomyfor a neonate with unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia at the Hospital General TeófiloDávila (Ecuador). A descriptive and observational approach was used, analyzingthepatient's clinical history and current literature. Interventions includedLEDphototherapy, neurological monitoring, eye protection, thermal control, breastfeedingpromotion and caregiver education. After 48 hours, total bilirubin decreasedby33.8% without complications. The Nursing Care Process allowed standardizingcare, identifying risks and improving family satisfaction. It is concluded that theroleofnursing is key in the prevention of kernicterus through timely, systematicandhumanized interventions, adapted to the Ecuadorian hospital context.