Asociación entre patrones queiloscópicos, factores biológicos y condiciones labiales en estudiantes universitarios de Ciencias de la Salud.

Abstract

Cheiloscopy is an emerging biometric technique that analyzes the unique patterns of lip grooves for human identification, similar to fingerprints. This study aimed to explore the association between cheiloscopic patterns, classified according to Suzuki and Tsuchihashi, and biological factors such as sex and blood group. Additionally, it evaluated the influence of associated conditions in lip regions (thickness, commissures, hydration, dryness, and cosmetic use) in university students studying health sciences A quantitative, observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 221 students selected using non-probabilistic sampling. The results indicated that Type I' (incomplete grooves) and Type II (bifurcated grooves) patterns were the most frequent across the different lip zones.Statistical tests, specifically chi-square and Fisher's exact test (for cosmetic use), did not reveal significant associations between the predominant cheiloscopic patterns and sex, blood group, or associated conditions (p > 0.05). Therefore, the lip patterns appear to be independent of the analyzed biological and external factors, supporting the stability and uniqueness of cheiloscopy as a complementary tool in forensic biometric identification. Further research with larger and more diverse samples is recommended to strengthen the scientific evidence.