Análisis del potencial de exportación de carne de cuy ecuatoriano al mercado de Estados Unidos desde la provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

This research analyzes the export potential of Ecuadorian guinea pig meat to the United States market, taking as a case study the province of Tungurahua. The main objective was to evaluate the productive, regulatory, customs, and logistical conditions that influence the competitiveness of this product in international trade. To this end, a mixed methodological approach was developed, combining documentary and field research. Surveys were applied to producers and marketers, complemented by the analysis of production and foreign trade statistics. The data obtained allowed the identification that Tungurahua is the second-largest guinea pig producing province at the national level, with organized associations that have incorporated technical management practices, sanitary control, and traceability, although there is heterogeneity in quality standards and certification processes. The study determined that there are significant gaps in the knowledge of regulatory and sanitary requirements demanded by authorities, as well as in the management of national certifications issued by Agrocalidad and ARCSA. Likewise, a limited understanding of the export procedures established in the Organic Code of Production, Commerce, and Investments (COPCI) and its Regulations was evidenced, which may cause delays and additional costs in operations. In the logistical realm, the need for an efficient cold chain, processing infrastructure with international certifications, and optimized routes that guarantee the safety of the product was identified. The lack of slaughterhouses authorized for export in Tungurahua forces the use of facilities in other provinces, increasing costs and operational risks.