El trabajo social y la construcción de una sociedad más inclusiva: el caso de las personas lgbtiq+ en plaperts en Machala, provincia de El Oro 2024

Abstract

This research analyzes the social exclusion faced by the LGBTIQ+ community, highlighting the role of the social worker as an agent of change in a society shaped by cultural, social, and religious practices that perpetuate stereotypes and discrimination. This exclusion is recognized as intersectional, affecting various areas of individuals’ lives and undermining their overall well-being. The value of this study lies in its purpose of promoting a more equitable and inclusive society by shedding light on this reality and raising awareness of LGBTIQ+ rights, thereby fostering a culture of social justice and transformative action. A descriptive, mixed-method approach was used to analyze the social, economic, and cultural barriers faced by users served by PLAPERTS. This approach combined both quantitative and qualitative techniques, including surveys administered to a representative sample of 20 individuals randomly selected from a fluctuating population of approximately 50, and interviews with organizational promoters. This enabled a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon of exclusion and contributed to the design of effective social work interventions. The intervention focused on raising awareness and empowering the LGBTIQ+ community served at PLAPERTS. It was grounded in the critical-radical model, which enables a deeper analysis of social injustices and an understanding of their structural roots. The intervention sought to counter historical harm through the use of accessible and appropriate tools. As a result, an informative and participatory flipchart titled "Voices with Pride" was developed and implemented to create safe spaces for free expression and dialogue, strengthening knowledge about human rights, inclusion, and respect for diversity. Findings reveal that although PLAPERTS is recognized as a safe space for the LGBTIQ+ community, structural, social, and cultural barriers continue to hinder full inclusion. A broad diversity of gender identities and sexual orientations was identified, alongside a context marked by discrimination in employment, education, and access to basic services. The "Voices with Pride" flipchart intervention enhanced participants’ understanding of their rights and fostered dialogue, trust, and empowerment. The study concludes that social work plays a critical role in promoting inclusion and defending the rights of the LGBTIQ+ community. Social workers act not only as direct service providers but also as advocates for inclusive policies and stronger community networks. To continue driving social change and empowerment, it is essential to reinforce such interventions and promote inclusive policies that ensure justice and equity for this community.