Diseño geométrico de una intersección vial entre la avenida 25 de Junio y la Facultad de Agronomía de la Universidad Técnica de Machala

Abstract

In the city of Machala, the lack of a proper intersection between Avenida 25 de Junio and the Faculty of Agronomy at the Technical University has resulted in significant functional deficiencies affecting urban mobility and traffic safety. The absence of a dedicated connection forces users—especially those coming from Santa Rosa or heading downtown—to make risky maneuvers and take long detours, increasing travel time and operational conflicts. To address this issue, a geometric design for a channelized and signalized intersection is proposed, aimed at restoring connectivity and optimizing vehicular flow in the area. The study began with a detailed topographic survey using total station and GPS equipment to define the geometric parameters of the site. Traffic counts were conducted on Av. 25 de Junio and at the access point to the Faculty, complemented by an origin-destination survey to understand travel demand and movement patterns. Turning radii, lane width and widening requirements were calculated, and the access, exit, and return ramps were designed in compliance with NEVI-12 standards, using AutoCAD Civil 3D. A multi-phase traffic signal plan was developed based on the calculation of yellow and all-red intervals, optimal cycle time (Co), and proportional green time allocation, applying HCM formulas and spreadsheet validation. The proposal was modeled in Synchro software, where signal phases were configured and the operational performance of the intersection was evaluated. Results showed a significant improvement in Level of Service (LOS A, B, and C), reduced delays, safer maneuvers, and elimination of informal turning patterns. The proposed redesign proves to be a technically feasible and normatively sound solution to solve the current connectivity problems in this academic zone, improving traffic efficiency and user safety.