Rol de la telemedicina en el cuidado pediátrico: oportunidades y desafíos.

Abstract

Telemedicine has emerged as a key tool for improving access to and quality of paediatric care, especially in rural or socioeconomically constrained regions. During the COVID-19 pandemic, its adoption accelerated, demonstrating effectiveness in chronic disease management, mental health care and health promotion. In paediatrics, telemedicine offers unique benefits, such as continuity of care for diseases like type 1 diabetes and asthma, telepsychiatry for emotional and developmental disorders, and educational programmes that empower caregivers. However, their implementation faces significant challenges. The digital divide limits access in vulnerable communities, while remote consultations have limitations for physical assessment in complex cases. In addition, paediatric data privacy and informed consent require clear legal frameworks to ensure security and confidentiality. Despite initial resistance from some caregivers and professionals, training and the adoption of hybrid models combining virtual and face-to-face consultations offer promising solutions. Technological innovations, such as wearable devices, artificial intelligence and virtual reality, are redefining the potential of paediatric telemedicine, but its success depends on investments in infrastructure, inclusive public policies and ethical regulation. In conclusion, telemedicine not only complements traditional care, but transforms paediatric care, offering opportunities to reduce inequalities and ensure high-quality, accessible and sustainable health services for all children.