Determinantes sociales de la salud y análisis gerencial de la influencia de los factores socioeconómicos en los resultados sanitarios de la Ciudadela Brisas del Mar

Abstract

This study analyzes the relationship between social determinants of health (SDH) and health outcomes in the community of Brisas del Mar, Ecuador. The research was conducted using a quantitative approach, with a non-experimental descriptive-correlational design and a post-positivist paradigm. A Likert-type survey validated by experts was administered to a stratified sample of 64 randomly selected residents. The data were processed using SPSS v.23 software, using descriptive statistics and Spearman's correlation coefficient. The results show a very strong and significant correlation (Rho = 0.943; p < 0.05) between socioeconomic factors—such as income, employment, education, and housing—and the physical, mental, and reproductive health status of the population. The analysis reveals that structural conditions of vulnerability limit effective access to health services, even when they are available. From a managerial perspective, the conclusion is that health planning must transcend the biomedical approach and adopt intersectoral strategies that address the social causes of inequity. It is recommended to strengthen primary care with mental health components, promote local education and employment, and integrate health as a cross-cutting theme in urban public policies. This evidence supports the need for more equitable and sustainable health management models based on the social determinants of health.