factores desencadenantes de la emigración en los habitantes del barrio riberas del jubones del cantón el guabo, año 2023 -2024

Abstract

The research "Triggering factors of emigration in the inhabitants of the Riberas del Jubones neighborhood of the El Guabo canton, year 2023-2024" has the general objective of determining the triggering factors of emigration in the inhabitants of the sector. In recent years, emigration has been considered a social problem that stems from the economic situation of people who are part of a family group, due to different triggering factors that influence the decision to emigrate to a country different from their place of origin; among the main factors are unemployment, poor academic preparation, domestic violence, high cost of the basic family basket of goods, and intrafamily problems. The factors that trigger emigration correspond to situations or conditions that are generated by certain social phenomena within a country and this can vary in the economy of the population, which represents a challenge in time and space for men and women of different ages who, faced with situations of conflict, unemployment, family instability and social problems, decide to leave their place of origin for other countries with the objective of obtaining work opportunities that allow them to improve their standard of living and that of their families. The research is based on the Socialist theory of Karl Marx, in the Social Interaction of Erving Goffman and in the Functionalist Structuralism of Talcott Parsons that allow understanding and identifying the situations that arise in the daily life of human beings for decision making, which are important in the future of them and the people who comprise their nuclear family. The epistemological approach is based on the empirical inductive and hypothetical deductive approach, the type of research is basic because a study is generated based on the analysis of the problem that allowed reaching the planted objectives, related to the triggering factors of emigration. The applied methodology approach is of mixed type, the methods used were Inductive and Deductive. The research instruments used were a survey of 120 people living in the Riveras del Jubones neighborhood and an interview with the president of the neighborhood and of the parish council of La Iberia parish. From the qualitative and quantitative results of the field research, it is determined that the problem of emigration lies mainly in the triggering factors that correspond to the socioeconomic situation, insecurity and intrafamily problems experienced by the inhabitants of the Ribera del Jubones neighborhood of the parish of La Iberia. Therefore, as a proposal, an entrepreneurship development program was proposed based on workshops on easy and quick activities to generate resources and improve the economic situation of the household, thus reducing the decision to emigrate to other countries in the presence of intra-family and economic problems.

The proposal is aimed at strengthening intra-family relations and the socio-economic situation of the inhabitants of the Riveras del Jubones neighbourhood, considering that it is important for families to have an economic income in accordance with their needs and to seek short-term resources to cover household expenses, thus reducing the absence of the family member who emigrated to another country.