Análisis de factores incidentes para la no adherencia terapéutica en pacientes con artritis reumatoide tratados en instituciones de salud, Machala

Abstract

Introduction: Therapeutic adherence to treatment is fundamental in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), as non-compliance can exacerbate symptoms and affect patients' quality of life. This chronic disease requires constant and disciplined management, which can be challenging for many. This study focuses on analyzing the factors related to non-therapeutic adherence in patients treated in Machala. Objective: This study aims to determine the factors affecting non-therapeutic adherence in patients with rheumatoid arthritis attending health institutions in Machala through surveys, with the purpose of nhancing therapeutic adherence to treatment and improving patients' quality of life. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, non-experimental study with a mixed approach was conducted, involving surveys administered to 102 patients. Instruments such as the Morisky Green Test, Haynes-Sackett Test, and Batallas Test were used to evaluate treatment adherence. Results: The results showed that 67.6% of patients were not adherent to their treatment, while 32.4% were adherent. Factors influencing therapeutic adherence included sex, age, monthly income, and education level. Additionally, poly-medicated patients or those with comorbidities showed lower therapeutic adherence despite receiving instructions from healthcare personnel. Side effects such as nausea and dizziness were common and were associated with treatment abandonment. Conclusion: It is concluded that establishing strategies to optimize education and communication with patients is crucial for improving therapeutic adherence to treatments, potentially enhancing their quality of life.