Evaluación de la actividad antimicrobiana de nanopartículas de cobre soportadas en una matriz de quitosano utilizadas como recubrimientos en dispositivos médicos

Abstract

To address antibacterial resistance, the synthesis of chitosan biofilms modified with copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) was proposed, taking advantage of the antimicrobial properties of these materials. In the first stage, 2 coprecipitation methods were implemented to synthesize Cu NPs, the first method was developed from solutions of 0. 5 M copper (II) sulfate (CuSO₄), 0.2 M ascorbic acid (C₆H₈O₆O₆), and the second method was developed from 0. 5 M copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄), 0.2 M ascorbic acid (C₆H₈O₆O₆), 3 mM sdium citrate (Na₃C₆H₅O₇) and 1 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH). In the next stage, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Cu NPs were determined by the microdilution method, obtaining an MIC of 375 µg/mL and an MBC of 1500 µg/mL. Chitosan biofilms were synthesized by a sol-gel method and subsequently modified by adding Cu NPs to the determined MBC. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 10145 was used for the microbiological study, using the agar diffusion sensitivity technique. The results showed that the urinary catheter discs coated with Cu and chitosan NPs enhanced their antimicrobial effect, reaching an average inhibition diameter of 17.33 mm. In conclusion, the developed material exhibited antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and was successfully synthesized, as demonstrated by its characterization by FTIR, XRD and SEM techniques.