Verificación de la idoneidad del árido natural del río jubones para bloques de hormigón utilizadas en viviendas de interés social

Abstract

This study analyzes the suitability of the natural aggregate of the Jubones River for the manufacture of concrete blocks in social housing. Over the years, the extraction of these materials has been a common practice without rigorous quality control, which can affect structural and environmental safety. The work describes the problem of unregulated extraction and evaluates the quality of the material from two concessions: Lorena and La Viña. Laboratory tests were carried out to analyse its physical and mechanical properties, such as granulometry, modulus of fineness, fines content, compressive strength, water absorption and density. The methodology used included experimental, documentary and descriptive research to compare the results with the standards established by the Ecuadorian Construction Standard and American Society for Testing and Materials. Technology tools such as ArcMap, Excel, SAS Planet and Global Mapper were also used to collect data on the location of concessions. The results indicated that the aggregates of the Jubones River do not meet regulatory requirements due to deficiencies in their physical and mechanical characteristics. Problems were identified in the mixing and manufacture of the blocks, which compromises their strength and durability. As an alternative, the use of nanomaterials and additives to improve their structural performance was investigated. In conclusion, greater control is recommended in the extraction and processing of the material to ensure its safe use in construction.