factores psicosociales que influyen en la salud mental de los usuarios del albergue para “desamparados divina misericordia”; machala 2023

Abstract

The present degree work is entitled: "Psychosocial factors that influence the mental health of the users of the Divina Misericordia homeless shelter". The shelter is located in the city of Machala and plays a fundamental role in the community, since it provides support and shelter to people who are part of the priority attention group. The shelter has become a fundamental pillar in the community of the city of Machala and also provides a better life for its residents, causing a significant change in their lives. It should also be noted the importance of the presence of the area of Social Work in the Shelter for the homeless "Divina Misericordia", which is needed because it will allow a more comprehensive care to users promoting a significant change in the needs of each of the users. The psychosocial problems that have led users to be admitted to the shelter and the lack of follow-up of the same, cause high impact problems at the time of intervention; for this reason, the main objective of the research is to explore the influential psychosocial factors that have led people in street situations to a deterioration of mental health and general welfare. On the other hand, we have three specific objectives. To know the theoretical, scientific, psychological and social foundations that affect homeless people and lead to mental health problems. To contribute with the multidisciplinary team of professionals who intervene in the "Divina Misericordia" shelter, assessing the individual needs that particularly affect the mental health of the shelter users. To analyze how psychosocial factors, such as exclusion and marginalization, influence the mental health of homeless people. On the other hand, the methodology used was the mixed approach, accompanied by techniques and instruments such as the observation guide and surveys, which were applied to the 26 users of the homeless shelter "Divina Misericordia". This information was relevant to develop the intervention proposal. After analyzing the results obtained by the research instruments, we proceeded to the elaboration of the intervention proposal, which consisted in the elaboration of a "Registration, process and follow-up card for the integral care of users of the shelter for homeless people "Divina Misericordia" (Divine Mercy). In short, the results had positive effects, both for those in charge of the shelter and for the users, knowing the psychosocial factors that the users of the shelter faced in the past in their clinical histories and now still maintain situations of urgent individualized integral attention.