chatbots basados en inteligencia artificial como tutores inclusivos en la educación superior: diseño, implementación y análisis de impacto en el aprendizaje

Abstract

This study focuses on the implementation and evaluation of the "Draken" chatbot as an inclusive virtual tutor in the subject of Teaching-Learning Programming and Databases. The initiative arises from the need to address the difficulties faced by some students in this subject, especially those who require more personalized support. The use of a chatbot has the potential to offer immediate responses, clarify doubts, and guide students throughout their learning process, thus complementing the teacher's work. The main objective of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness and acceptance of the "Draken" chatbot as an inclusive virtual tutor, with an emphasis on its impact on students' academic performance. For this purpose, an educational intervention has been designed that includes the application of pretest and posttest questionnaires, as well as the collection of qualitative observations on students' experiences with the chatbot. The relevance of this research lies in its contribution to the field of inclusive and personalized education. By providing a rigorous evaluation of an emerging technology, this research offers key insights into how chatbots can be effectively integrated into the educational environment. Additionally, the findings obtained can serve as a basis for future improvements and developments in the use of AI in education. The document is structured in several chapters. The first chapter presents the theoretical framework that supports the study, including relevant theories such as Ausubel's meaningful learning model, Siemens' connectivism, and Tomlinson's adaptive learning. The second chapter details the methodology used, including the design of the intervention, data collection instruments, and analytical approach. In the third chapter, the results obtained are discussed, and a critical analysis of them is carried out. Finally, the study concludes with a series of practical recommendations for the implementation of chatbots in the educational field and suggestions for future research.