Determinación de vectores de enfermedades bacterianas y virosis en el cultivo de banano (musas spp).

Abstract

The study was carried out in a banana farm in El Guabo canton, with the objective of identifying the vectors responsible for the transmission of bacterial diseases and viruses in the banana crop. Sampling was carried out in the study area, using pest insect collection techniques, including manual methods and the use of entomological nets. The results obtained revealed the presence of several insect vectors, which were identified as carriers of pathogens affecting banana production. Specific insect species of the order Coleoptera, Diptera and Hemiptera were documented and showed a significant correlation with the incidence of diseases in banana plants. Laboratory analyses were performed to confirm the presence of bacteria and viruses in the collected samples. A total of 31 insect isolates were documented, of which 16 were classified as Gram negative and 10 as Gram positive, indicating a diversity of pathogens present. Several bacteria were identified from isolates obtained from insect vectors in the banana crop. Among them, Acinetobacter sp. was isolated in cultures PR1 (-1) and PNG (-2) 9, presenting morphological characteristics of gram-negative coccobacilli that do not ferment lactose; Providencia sp. and Enterococcus sp. were detected, each observed in three different isolates PR7 (-2) 1, PNG (-2) 1 and PNG (-2) 1, each observed in three different isolates PR7 (-2) 1, PNP (-2) 1 and PNG (-2) 3; Staphylococcus sp. and Burkholderia sp. were also identified in two isolates, while Dickeya chrysanthemi cf., Klebsiella oxytoca cf., Pseudomonas sp., Proteus sp., Streptococcus sp. and Achromobacter sp. were identified in only one isolate type each. In addition, it was observed that mechanical inoculation and inoculation through insect vectors resulted in symptoms such as chlorotic streaking and vein necrosis.