Intervención farmacéutica en pacientes con hipertensión arterial hospitalizados en una unidad de salud de la provincia de El Oro

Abstract

Pharmaceutical interventions (FI) are important in improving the quality of health in terms of pharmacological treatment, with greater relevance in patients in the hospital area who present polymedication, mainly those with cardiovascular problems such as arterial hypertension (AHT). AHT is a chronic, non-contagious pathology, which is considered one of the most common diseases affecting the population worldwide. It occurs when blood pressure is equal to or greater than 140/90 mmHg. The objective of this research is to analyze the pharmaceutical interventions performed on hospitalized patients diagnosed with hypertension in the internal medicine and surgery area of the Basic Hospital of Huaquillas, through the collection of data obtained from the application of the unit dose, to contribute to the safety and effectiveness of pharmacological treatment. The methodology applied in this work had a quantitative and cross-sectional approach. For this purpose, a form was designed with characteristics that allowed the necessary information to be collected during the unit dose process in the internal medicine and surgery areas of patients diagnosed with AHT. According to the information collected, 88 pharmaceutical interventions were recorded in patients with hypertension, of whom 60.2% were men and 39.8% were women, with 4 types of FI (overdosage, underdosage, non-prescribed medication and shared dose), showing a higher percentage of interventions in patients 71-90 years of age, with a higher frequency of antihypertensive and anticoagulant medications (23.86%). After completing the research work, it is concluded that the pharmaceutical interventions performed on hospitalized patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension in the internal medicine and surgery area of the Basic Hospital of Huaquillas were analyzed through the implementation of a format for recording interventions in unit doses adapted to the design granted by the Ministry of Public Health of Ecuador, thus contributing to the safety and effectiveness of the pharmacological treatment of patients.