Evaluación de factores de riesgo físico en dos empresas del sector camaronero

Abstract

This research focuses on the assessment of physical risks, specifically noise and lighting, in two shrimp farming companies, using the technical guide from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (INSHT). The main objective is to determine exposure levels in various job positions, compare them with current regulations, and propose improvement measures to ensure a safe and healthy work environment. The study revealed significant variations in noise and lighting levels across different work areas. At Camagromar, the pumping station exhibited alarming noise levels of 99.5 dB(A), exceeding the maximum permissible limit and posing a significant risk to workers' auditory health. In contrast, the sprinkler and mechanical areas showed levels within safe limits. Lighting assessment at the same company showed notable disparities, with the sprinkler area presenting excessive illumination of 78,040 lux, potentially causing glare and visual fatigue, while the kitchen, with 296 lux, was below the recommended minimum. At Pesquera San Miguel and Biocascajal, dangerously high noise levels were identified in Pumping Stations 1 and 2, Carpentry, and Mechanics, all exceeding the 85 dB(A) limit. However, lighting levels in most areas of this company exceeded the recommended minimums, indicating generally favorable conditions in this aspect. These findings underscore the urgent need to implement corrective measures, especially in areas with high noise levels, to mitigate auditory risks. Additionally, adjusting lighting levels in specific areas is recommended to optimize visibility and reduce associated risks. The research concludes that effective management of noise and lighting is crucial for ensuring a safe work environment in compliance with regulations, highlighting the importance of conducting regular assessments and applying preventive and corrective measures tailored to each work area in the shrimp farming sector.