Efecto de la combinación de trichoderma y biocarbón para el control de la sigatoka negra en banano

Abstract

The objective of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of the combination of Trichoderma and Biocarbòn in the control of Black Sigatoka in banana crops (Musa spp.). Two plants were used per treatment, evaluating two leaves per plant, with a total of four repetitions per treatment. The treatments were applied with a 3-liter manual pump, applying the products on the upper and lower surface of the leaves. The evaluation was carried out on the lower surface of the leaves using a ten by ten square, divided into four parts, and the data were taken weekly, starting on the day of application. The evaluation method was the affected leaf area. For this, experiments were carried out with different treatments, including liquid Trichoderma, solid Trichoderma, combinations of both and the addition of Biorcarbòn from banana rachis and cocoa shells. A treatment with the commercial chemical Mancozeb and a control treatment without applications were also included. A completely randomized design was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatments, the results showed that the Mancozeb treatment (T10) obtained the lowest percentage of affected leaf area (0.34%), followed by the treatment with solid Trichoderma and cocoa Biorcarbòn (T7) with (1.10%). These treatments were statistically different from the rest, standing out for their low severity of Black Sigatoka disease in the banana crop in the Granja Santa Inés study work area. These results underline that both Mancozeb and the combination of Trichoderma and Biorcarbòn can be effective tools for the management of Black Sigatoka in banana. However, the other treatments showed a higher severity of the disease, indicating the need to continue researching and improving control strategies for this disease. It is expected that the results of the research will show the feasibility of reducing production costs and minimizing the use of chemicals, improving both the health of plants and agricultural workers, and promoting a natural and sustainable balance in the environment.