Evaluación de la tasa de crecimiento en el cultivo de litopenaeus vannamei en una relación de 1 aireador de 12 hp- 1 comedero automático de 75 kg de capacidad.

Abstract

The research titled "Evaluation of the Growth Rate in Litopenaeus vannamei Culture with a Ratio of 1 Aerator of 12 hp to 1 Automatic Feeder of 75 kg Capacity" focuses on analyzing the impact of aeration and automatic feeding on the growth of Pacific white shrimp. This study was conducted at the Camanovillos shrimp farm, located on Mondragón Island, Ecuador, with the aim of optimizing shrimp production through the use of advanced technologies to increase feed conversion efficiency and reduce production costs. In the introduction, the study highlights the rapid expansion of the shrimp farming industry in recent decades. This growth has driven the adoption of new technologies, such as aerators and automatic feeders, to enhance the efficiency of feed conversion into biomass. The main challenge addressed in this research is the lack of specific knowledge about the benefits of combining these two systems in the culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. The hypothesis suggests that the combination of aerators and automatic feeders would not only improve shrimp growth but also optimize feed efficiency, thereby reducing operational costs. The development of the research involved an experiment using five 12 hp aerators and automatic feeders with a capacity of 75 kg per hopper in a five-hectare pond. The stocking density was 19 shrimp per square meter, and the experiment was conducted over 71 days. During this period, key variables such as temperature, dissolved oxygen levels, feed consumption, and accumulated biomass were monitored. The experimental results revealed that the combination of aeration and automatic feeding promoted consistent shrimp growth, with an average increase of 3 grams per week. Additionally, a progressive decrease in the feed conversion ratio (FCR) was observed throughout the culture period, indicating greater efficiency in converting feed into biomass. However, challenges were encountered from the sixth week onward, when fluctuations in temperature and dissolved oxygen levels began to negatively affect shrimp growth and feed consumption. These results highlight the importance of maintaining stable environmental conditions to ensure the success of shrimp farming. In conclusion, the study emphasizes that the use of 12 hp aerators in combination with 75 kg automatic feeders is effective in improving the growth rate of Litopenaeus vannamei and optimizing feed efficiency in shrimp farming. However, the need for constant monitoring and adjustments in farm management is emphasized to maximize the benefits of these technologies. The research concludes that while the technology used is promising, its success depends on careful management and rigorous control of environmental parameters. Finally, it is recommended to continue researching and refining these technologies to enhance the sustainability and profitability of the shrimp farming industry.