Tratamiento del infarto agudo de miocardio: avances y desafíos

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of emerging strategies in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, identifying the most promising advances and key challenges, in order to improve clinical results and comprehensive care of affected patients. Methodology: An exhaustive search was carried out in scientific databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar and Scopus, using search terms such as "acute myocardial infarction", "treatment", "emerging strategies", among others. Studies published between 2019 and 2024 that address advances in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction will be included. Development: The treatment of myocardial infarction is a continuous challenge. Among the advances, reperfusion therapy constitutes the basis of management given its association with a reduction in mortality, regardless of ST alteration. The combination of P2Y12 inhibitors and antiplatelet agents continues to be the primary indication for patients with AMI. Currently, a new pharmacological target is being investigated, Beclin1, which, based on current studies, may intervene in the process of platelet adhesion and aggregation, influencing the pathophysiology of AMI. Conclusion: Early reperfusion aims to reduce mortality; percutaneous coronary repercussion is the treatment of choice and should be performed with radial access. Antiplatelet agents are used in dual therapy in all patients with aspirin and P2Y12 inhibitors. Beclin1 influences platelet phenomena, which could indicate new strategies in its treatment.