Diagnóstico y manejo de la hemorragia subaracnoidea aneurismatica

Abstract

Introduction: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a true neurological emergency associated with high rates of disability and mortality. Its aneurysmal origin is the main cause of non-traumatic events. Its approach includes general support measures and repair of the aneurysm. Objective: Describe the diagnosis and management of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage through the review of high-impact scientific articles to be applied in clinical practice. Methodology: Descriptive bibliographic review, where the Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library was used to search for keywords, validated information was collected in scientific databases such as Ebsco, Scopus, PubMed, Scielo, Google academic, related to subarachnoid hemorrhage. For the selection of articles, those quartiles 1 and 2 were considered, mostly, English and Spanish language, free full text, those published more than 5 years were excluded. Result: Within its management, the ideal technique is still under debate because, although many centers prefer endovascular treatment, surgery seems to show better results in terms of morbidity and mortality, which is why in special cases, surgical excision remains the first. treatment line. Conclusion: Taking into account the intensity of the local and systemic inflammatory reaction, it can be accompanied by intracranial complications, such as repeated bleeding, vasospasm, delayed cerebral ischemia, hydrocephalus, intracranial hypertension, as well as extracranial complications, such as cardiovascular manifestations. Its complexity is due to the need to know its pathogenesis, its early detection and a comprehensive approach.