Estrategias para la detección temprana de cáncer de ovario

Abstract

Introduction: Ovarian cancer has been characterized as the gynecological neoplasm with the worst prognosis, being three times more lethal than breast cancer. Objective: to describe strategies for early detection of ovarian cancer. Methodology: A literature search was performed in specialized databases such as PubMed, Scielo and Web of Science, using keywords related to ovarian cancer, diagnosis, biomarkers and imaging techniques. Studies published since 2019 in Spanish and English language were included. Development: the high mortality of this type of cancer is due to asymptomatic tumor growth; symptoms, usually nonspecific, usually occur in advanced stages, the most common being: back pain, fatigue, abdominal pain/distension, constipation or urinary symptoms occurring at least 3 months before diagnosis. Conclusion: based on the information gathered, it is established that one of the methods of early detection of ovarian cancer are methods based on molecular biology, screening in high-risk population including adequate anamnesis, transvaginal ultrasound. Recommendation: Although there are currently cancer treatment options, the aim is to strengthen primary prevention, early diagnosis and access to health services through good diagnosis, screening and complementary tests.