Tratamiento multimodal en el cáncer gástrico hereditario

Abstract

Introduction: Gastric cancer is an entity with a high mortality burden in which abnormal cells form in the lining of the stomach. Worldwide, it has a higher incidence in men than in women and increases with age, being more common in people over 50 years of age, so that in Ecuador it is the second most common type of cancer in men and the fourth most common in women. , with a mortality of 81%. Understanding its risk factors, genetic characteristics, molecular markers and treatment options is essential for early diagnosis and effective management. Treatment involves a combination of different therapeutic modalities such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapies to improve outcomes in patients with this disease. Objective: To summarize the main therapeutic modalities currently available for patients with suspected stomach cancer with genetic and hereditary involvement. Methodology: It is a qualitative bibliographic review study, carried out through the compilation of information in indexed scientific journals from the last 5 years, in certified databases such as PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar and official websites. Conclusion: Gastric cancer requires a multidisciplinary and comprehensive approach that combines several therapeutic modalities to improve survival and quality of life of patients. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapies and immunotherapy used simultaneously have been shown to be more effective than any isolated modality.