La recuperación de los espacios públicos para la integración sociofamiliar en la cabecera cantonal El Guabo, período 2020-2023

Abstract

This research deals with "The recovery of public spaces for socio-family integration in the cantonal capital of El Guabo, period 2020-2023". The Public spaces are a factor of interconnections that enable the well-being and development of the population, that is, places that allow people to share moments in the company of family and friends, they fulfill different functions since society is composed of values, norms and criteria, the same in which different groups are incorporated without discrimination by race, age or belief orientation. In this sense, it is essential that the decentralized autonomous governments of each canton intervene in one way or another in the maintenance of these areas, since their deterioration is a problem that affects the local population and visitors. For this reason, a general objective was proposed, which is: To determine the contribution of public spaces in the socio-family integration in the cantonal capital of El Guabo, and four specific ones: To identify the effects of the deterioration of public spaces on socio-family integration, To establish the citizen perception of the importance of public spaces in the cantonal capital, Identify the characteristics of the existing public spaces in the cantonal capital of El Guabo and determine the strategies implemented by the municipal GAD El Guabo for the recovery of public spaces. The sociological approach applied is the structural-functional one of Emilie Durkheim and Radcliffe Brown, which contributes to the survival or adaptation that is had in a place, therefore the state as a regulatory entity must intervene for the recovery of public spaces and with it also the socio-family integration avoiding conflicts in the territory. Urban sociology is also considered because it studies the transformations of the city and seeks to understand how people interact within social organizations. On the other hand, urban sociology is mentioned because it focuses on an in-depth analysis of life in cities, which studies aspects related to the social, cultural and economic dynamics that interact and give structure to the experience of people in the environments of the metropolis. That is why the city is consolidated not only in its structure, but also in the customs and traditions of the individuals who reside there; In other words, it is endowed with both a moral organization and a material that also includes public spaces as meeting areas. The research that was proposed is basic in that its purpose is to broaden the understanding of the reality of the recovery of public spaces in the cantonal capital of El Guabo and to indicate the situation of this problem through interviews, surveys and observations. It has a descriptive character because this method of information is applied to the description that details the phenomenon in its entirety. It is usually done before an experiment to know the "what" of the subject of analysis and thus be able to describe the object to be studied. The research has a mixed methodological approach, that is, the combination of quantitative and qualitative methods in order to obtain a more complete and in-depth understanding of the problem. Therefore, the objective is to obtain responses from the population to questions that will be asked through the application of instruments such as interviews and surveys. The cantonal capital of El Guabo has been in trouble due to the deterioration caused by the lack of maintenance, insecurity and the poor state of the infrastructure. As a consequence, the quality of life, social interaction, sense of belonging, community participation and neighborhood relations are evidence of problems given that the infrastructure of these places was visualized presenting deterioration, accumulation of garbage on the ground, benches with signs of wear and unauthorized graffiti, however, the municipal GAD of El Guabo has not implemented specific strategies for the recovery of public spaces. For this reason, a greater intervention by the municipal GAD is necessary, despite the work they are doing, the infrastructure of public spaces should be improved in depth so that they are not harmed. It is also important that social, cultural or sports activities are carried out to encourage citizens to actively use public spaces, and in this way improve socio-family integration and strengthen the control and penalization of offenders who cause the destruction or restrict the use of public spaces.