Sistema de pensiones del iees: caso de estudio provincia de El Oro, periodo 2018-2021.

Abstract

The pension system as an integral part of the social security provided in Ecuador. In particular, the objective is to analyze the critical knots faced by the IESS as the entity responsible for the pension system in the province of El Oro, period 2018 – 2021; through a literature review of official statistics. The research approach is quantitative, descriptive and case study, using the analytical method and content analysis as a technique. The most significant results in the province of El Oro are: a considerable decrease in the number of affiliates and an increase in the number of pensioners; birth rate of 1.5 live births per 1,000 women, with a decline in future enrollments; the increase in life expectancy, which oscillates around 76 years, requires an extension of the period of receipt of pensions; the unemployment rate at 6.9% explains the prevalence of informal employment and reduced income to the system; the strength of the IVM and Disability fund is compromised by reforms such as the elimination of 40% of state pension contributions. The outlook facing the IESS is complex, given that external factors are heading in opposite directions to those expected, posing long-term financial risks to the pension system.