Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado integral del casco parroquial “La Cuca”

Abstract

The project encompasses the comprehensive design of a sanitary and storm sewer system, along with a wastewater treatment plant, destined for the parish center "La Cuca," Arenillas Canton, El Oro Province, where it is projected to benefit a future population of around 1462 inhabitants. The lack of a sanitary sewer system in the parish center "La Cuca" has driven the need for this project, whose guidelines are based on the relevant regulations established by the Subsecretaría de Saneamiento Ambiental y Obras Sanitarias, as well as by the Instituto Ecuatoriano de Obras Sanitarias (IEOS). Prior to the design, a sampling of the wastewater was conducted through physicochemical analysis. The results revealed that most of the contaminant parameters exceeded the permissible limits for discharge, as stipulated in the Texto Unificado De Legislación Secundaria De Medio Ambiente. The design includes separate sanitary and storm sewer systems, channeling the waters to a treatment plant equipped with a septic tank and an anaerobic tank. The focus has been on ensuring efficient and sustainable management of liquid waste, with a projection for a period of 25 years. For the hydraulic design, specific flows have been used, considering a design flow of 1.47 L/inhabitant/day for the sewer system and 0.014 l/s/m² for stormwater. These parameters have been selected in accordance with the guidelines of the Instituto Ecuatoriano de Obras Sanitarias (IEOS), to ensure optimal system operation in hydraulic and sanitary terms, as well as its long-term viability.