Apalancamiento financiero y su impacto sobre la rentabilidad, en la producción agricola-cultivo de banano- cantón Pasaje 2022.

Abstract

The study focuses on the analysis of the levels of financial leverage in companies dedicated to the cultivation of bananas and plantains in 2022, using a positivist quantitative approach and a non-experimental design. Data from 25 companies obtained from the SUPERCIAS platform were used and they were classified as SMEs. The quantitative epistemological approach is based on the idea that events in the world follow measurable patterns, using tools such as measurement, experimentation, and statistical analysis. A positivist paradigm is adopted to confirm hypotheses using statistical methods. The hypothetico-deductive method is used to formulate and test theories, with phases of logical deduction and empirical verification. A descriptive methodology is used to provide a complete representation of the reality studied. The non-experimental design observes phenomena without altering variables, and an observation instrument is used to collect data through direct observation. The data was collected from the financial statements of the companies through the platform of the Superintendency of Securities and Insurance Companies, using the financial leverage formula for the analysis in conjunction with the profitability ratios. Reflecting that debt levels directly impact profitability, companies with a heavier financial burden tend to have lower profitability, suggesting that excess leverage may limit profit generation in the agricultural sector. However, financial leverage can be beneficial if managed properly. Although it can contribute positively to profitability, it is crucial to exercise caution in its application. The importance of efficient financial management strategies to optimize the use of leverage is highlighted, highlighting the need for prudent and strategic financial management that considers both the risks and benefits associated with leverage.