La hoja de ajustes de incorrecciones materiales de propiedades, planta y equipo, de estados financieros razonables en un periodo contable.

Abstract

The research focuses on the identification and correction of material misstatements related to accounting for property, plant and equipment in financial statements. This study is crucial for future accountants and auditors in Ecuador, as it provides a theoretical understanding of the importance of properly recognizing the materiality of fixed assets. It also highlights the key role that accountants play in the application of accounting standards and stresses the need to invest in technology to improve financial processes. The relevance of this research is not limited to the borders of Ecuador, but extends internationally due to the global nature of the challenges of materiality in financial statements. In the Ecuadorian context, property, plant and equipment is of great importance in companies, since it constitutes a significant part of their financial statements and is subject to specific regulations for its allocation and efficient use. It’s important to emphasize that the correct management of these can influence the profitability and future development of companies. It also highlights the need for an exhaustive review due to the frequency of errors in the classification of fixed assets, which may affect the presentation of accurate and reasonable financial statements. The study will be conducted using quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect data, analyze patterns of behavior and understand the contextual reality of fixed asset issues. The purpose of this work is to propose the Property, Plant and Equipment material misstatement adjustment sheet by recognizing fixed assets, determining their depreciation expense and presenting the adjustment sheet in order to present reasonable balances in the financial statements. Through the qualitative approach with the literature review technique, the accounting regulations in force until 2023 will be analyzed, in addition to the specialized review of property, plant and equipment, which will include the basic concepts, classification, valuation, depreciation and impairment of fixed assets of a company. In the quantitative approach we have the techniques of the survey and case study, in the case of the former, it will be applicable to professionals in Accounting and Auditing so that through their experience they can provide us with knowledge in the detection and correction of material misstatements in the accounts belonging to property, plant and equipment. Another technique is the case study, in which a real case of misclassification of a company will be analyzed to identify and correct the errors made when recording the property, plant and equipment accounts, using the audit analytics through its adjustment sheets.