Influencia de factores climáticos en la Producción de banano en la provincia de El Oro (Ecuador)

Abstract

Climate change poses a major risk to the global farming industry. This study examines how specific weather conditions impact the growth of bananas (Musa AAA), Var. Cavendish. The research assesses factors such as air temperature, humidity, rainfall, solar radiation, wind speed, and banana yield per hectare. The goal of this study is to examine how weather conditions affect the growth of giant Cavendish bananas, and to utilize meteorological data to enhance agricultural practices at Santa Monica farm from 2018-2022. The analysis method involved reviewing data on the production of bananas during this time, including information from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock and an automatic FieldClimate station, to determine consistency and connections. The findings indicate that there is a positive correlation between temperature and the production of bananas. The highest yields are achieved at temperatures exceeding 25°C but decrease when the temperature rises above 35°C. On the contrary, relative humidity and rainfall have a negative impact on yield. An excess of relative humidity above 75% can encourage the growth of pests and fungal diseases, leading to a decrease in yields. Similarly, precipitation does not exhibit a positive influence on yield.