Experiencias de resiliencia y bienestar psicológico en migrantes venezolanos.

Abstract

The present research aims to establish the relationship between the experiences of resilience and psychological well-being in Venezuelan migrants. It is based on the Cognitive Behavioral approach which allowed analyzing how the thought processes, attributions and beliefs of Venezuelan migrants influence their resilience and psychological well-being, which allowed a deeper approach to their challenging migration experience. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach in accordance with the phenomenological-hermeneutic design. In the categorization process, the following themes were obtained: a) Resilient experiences in Venezuelan migrants; b) Resilient experiences influencing psychological well-being; c) Gender differences in resilient experiences and psychological well-being. Four volunteers between 20 and 25 years of age participated in the study. A homogeneous non-probabilistic sample was used in this research. Instruments used for data collection were: unstructured open-ended in-depth interview and qualitative observation used to capture what happened in the environment while the interview was taking place. As for the results, it was evidenced that the experiences that promote resilience and positively affect the psychological well-being of Venezuelan migrants are linked to discrimination, xenophobia and the ability to maintain hope; furthermore, resilient experiences in Venezuelan migrants are related to the ability to adapt and overcome adverse situations, Finally, it was found that male migrants report a greater ability to adapt to the adversities of the migratory reality and a higher self-efficacy compared to female migrants, in contrast, female migrants report a greater availability of employment opportunities and a greater affectation in their mental health compared to male migrants.